The main payment method for public transportation in the Netherlands is the OV-chipkaart. This system was introduced in November 2011, replacing the strippenkaart system. On top of the OV-chipkaart, it is also possible to check in and out for public transport using your bank card, or to purchase tickets (disposable OV-chipkaarts) from ticket machines. This page looks at your options for paying for public transport in the Netherlands.
There are two main ways to pay for public transport in the Netherlands:
The OV-chipkaart fully replaced the strippenkaart system in November 2011. There are three types of OV-chipkaart in the Netherlands:
The OV-chipkaart works by charging you according to the distance you travel. When you check in (see below), a boarding fare is debited from the card. The exact fare depends on the mode of transport, and time of day. In general, travel is more expensive during peak hours (Monday to Friday before 9am and between 4pm and 6.30pm). When you check out, you are refunded the boarding fare, minus the charge for the distance you have travelled.
The disposable OV-chipkaart is made of stiff paper and cannot be topped up with credit. Thus, it is intended for travellers who do not use the Dutch public transportation system very often, for example tourists.
The disposable OV-chipkaart can be purchased from machines or on-board, and since this type of card is topped up when you buy it, you can use it straight away to travel. Note that you still have to check in and out with the disposable chipkaart (see below), otherwise it becomes invalid.
The anonymous OV-chipkaart (anonieme OV-chipkaart) is reusable, and once loaded with electronic credit it can be used for travelling. It can be used by the owner as well as by others, but not at the same time.
Travellers pay per kilometre and the balance (saldo) can be topped up at machines and kiosks. However, note that you cannot load a subscription (see below) onto the anonymous OV-chipkaart. You also need to have at least 20 euros in credit on your anonymous chipkaart before you can check in and board an NS train.
The personal OV-chipkaart (persoonlijke OV-chipkaart) is for one user and includes their name, date of birth, and photograph. Consequently, the personal version is non-transferable, but the owner does enjoy other benefits including the option to block it (for instance in case of theft) and automatic top up.
The personal OV-chipkaart must be regularly topped up so that you can travel. It can also be loaded with various NS subscriptions, for instance a discount for travel during off-peak hours (see below). It is also possible to load the personal chipkaart with season tickets and other products.
To apply for the personal version of the chipkaart, you must have a Dutch address and a bank account. Residents of Belgium, Germany and Luxembourg can also acquire one by paying via a Dutch bank account, PayPal, or credit card.
The NS Flex system allows you to load various supplements and subscriptions to your OV-chipkaart in order to get discounted travel. Products can only be loaded onto a personal OV-chipkaart.
With NS Flex, you don’t need to top up your OV-chipkaart before travelling; instead, you pay a monthly subscription and receive an invoice each month for the journeys you make, which is paid via direct debit. All subscriptions are flexible and can be cancelled on a month-to-month basis.
The following subscriptions/season tickets are available:
NS-Business cards are available to businesses for their employees. Businesses can specify whether the cards are to be personalised or valid for a whole department. This allows for easier management of travel expenses, as only one invoice needs to be paid, and users do not need any funds on the card prior to travelling.
As well as the various types of OV-chipkaart, which can be loaded with various subscriptions or discounts if you're a regular traveller, it's now also possible to check in and out with your contactless debit card, credit card or mobile phone in most places in the Netherlands. This new payment system is called OVpay and will eventually replace the OV-chipkaart.
Checking in and out of public transport in the Netherlands is easily done by holding your contactless debit card, credit card or mobile card against the card reader at train station barriers or on board buses and trams. Your payment will be automatic, and you will be able to see it under the description NLOV in your card statement. The price will be the same as when you travel with your OV-chipkaart without a discount or subscription.
Please note that you do need to make sure contactless payment is enabled and that you remove your card from your wallet when you check in or out.
You can check in and out with the following:
You can pay for public transport with OVpay in most places in the Netherlands. However, you can check the official website to make sure that you can use this payment method where you are or where you want to travel to.
Instead of checking in and out with an OV-chipkaart or OVpay, you can also purchase a ticket (either from the driver or from one of the ticket machines at the station). You can also purchase travel products online and load them onto your card using a ticket machine.
If you are just making one journey, then it is a good idea to buy a single ticket. This ticket is valid from 12am one day, until 4am the next morning. If you are travelling back the same day, a return ticket is advisable.
Day tickets give you 24 hours of unlimited travel from the moment you check in. You can also purchase a day travel card for more than one day, with the price becoming relatively cheaper the more days you purchase.
This ticket gives you unlimited travel on the bus, metro, ferry, tram and train in Amsterdam. You can travel on transport provided by GVB, NS and certain Connexxion buses. This ticket is valid until 4am after the last day of validity.
This ticket is for four to 10 people, with every passenger after the fourth paying an extra amount. The departure station and arrival station must be the same for all passengers, meaning that passengers may not exit the route before they have reached the arrival station specified on their ticket. It is only possible to order this ticket online, and it can be used from 9am on weekdays and all hours during the weekend. The more people travelling on this ticket, the cheaper it is.
The GVB 1-Hour ticket gives you unlimited travel on GVB services in Amsterdam for one hour, but cannot be used on GVB night buses.
Love cycling? The bicycle-only supplement allows you to take your bicycle on the train, metro or tram during off-peak hours. Bicycles are not allowed on trains during peak hours.
It is important to check in and out correctly, as this is how the fare you pay for your trip is calculated. In order to check in, your OV-chipkaart must be at least 10 euros in credit (20 euros for anonymous chipkaarts).
You can check in and out at the NS gates or poles at stations. Just tap your OV-chipkaart on the card reader and you will hear a bleep and “Ingecheckt” (checked in) will appear on the little screen. When you check out, you will hear two bleeps and the display will show the price of your journey and your balance (unless you use NS Flex).
Be aware that if you switch between networks, such as from the NS train to the metro, you will need to check out at an NS pole or gate and then check in again with your next provider.
It is important to check in, as you may otherwise receive a fine from the train conductor for travelling without a valid ticket. If you forget to check out, you may be charged the full boarding fee, a maximum of 20 euros.
However, you can check out up to six hours after your journey. If this is not possible, you can request a refund for the difference between your boarding fee and the cost of your actual journey. You can do so online using your OV-chipkaart number, which will display all of the journeys you have made without checking out.
Journeys with a missed check out may not appear on the list for two weeks. Once a refund has been requested and approved, it can be reloaded onto your OV-chipkaart via one of the station machines.
It is important to remember that there is a limit to the amount of times that you can request a refund online, namely three. After reaching this limit, you will be referred to the customer service department of NS.
Senior citizens (older than 65) and children (4-11 years old) receive a travel discount (a lower base fee and lower rate for every kilometre) with a personal OV-chipkaart.
Children under 4 years of age can travel for free, and children aged 4-11 can travel on a Railrunner ticket with a reduced fare of only 2,50 euros, which is valid all day.
Every OV-chipkaart comes with an expiry date that is clearly marked on the front or back of the card.
The personal OV-chipkaart is valid for five years. Six weeks before the expiration date a letter or email will be sent to you with the options of applying for a new one or refunding the remaining credit.
If your anonymous OV-chipkaart is about to expire, visit the OV-chipkaart website and complete the "Restitutie verlopen anonieme OV-Chipkaart" form to refund the remaining credit.
In case of theft, you can have your OV-chipkaart blocked and the remaining credit transferred to either your bank account or to a new OV-chipkaart. The Customer Service number is 0900-0980 (0,10 euros per minute). This only applies to personal OV-chipkaart owners.